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Hispanic Journal of Behavioral Sciences
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The Hispanic Women's Social Stressor Scale

Understanding the Multiple Social Stressors of U.S.- and Mexico-born Hispanic Women

Jessica R. Goodkind

University of New Mexico, Albuquerque

Melissa Gonzales

University of New Mexico School of Medicine, Albuquerque, mgonzales{at}salud.unm.edu

Lorraine H. Malcoe

Simon Fraser University, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada

Judith Espinosa

New Mexico Department of Health, Albuquerque

Measurement of social stressors among Hispanic women is a growing and important area of study, particularly in terms of understanding explanatory mechanisms for health disparities. This study involved adaptation of the Hispanic Stress Inventory and the Latin American Stress Inventory to create a measure of social stressors specifically for both immigrant and nonimmigrant Hispanic women. The measurement development process included review of existing scales, focus groups with Hispanic women (U.S.- and Mexico-born) in New Mexico, and creation, pilot testing, and factor analysis of a 41-item scale. Results indicate that the Hispanic Women's Social Stressor Scale is a reliable and valid measure of the social stressors experienced by U.S.-born and Mexico-born Hispanic women in the Southwest. Factor analyses revealed six reliable and conceptually distinct sub-scales of social stressors: immigration, socioeconomic, racism-related, familial, parental, and employment. Convergent and criterion validity were supported.

Key Words: Hispanic • immigrant • measurement • Mexico • scale • social stressors • women

Hispanic Journal of Behavioral Sciences, Vol. 30, No. 2, 200-229 (2008)
DOI: 10.1177/0739986308316178
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